Wavelength Compression Mechanism, High-Speed Routing Optimization, and Thermal Co-Design for 224G+ PAM4 Optical Modules
1. Introduction Thermal design for opticalmodules.With the rapid iteration of 800G and 1.6T high-speed optical interconnection systems, 224Gbps PAM4 has become the mainstream single-lane transmission standard for next-generation optical modules, silicon photonic chips, and thin-film lithium niobate modulators. Unlike traditional low-speed digital signals that are merely restricted by rise time and impedance matching, ultra-high-frequency signals […]